造成概念和术语不统一的另一个原因在于,许多研究实际上是基于分析方法来定

造成概念和术语不统一的另一个原因在于,许多研究实际上是基于分析方法来定义黑碳的。不同的方法
所得到的物质不一样,其环境意义也不一样,如化学高温氧化法[35] 、重铬酸盐氧化法[36] 及次氯酸钠氧化
法[37] 、紫外光氧化法[38] 所得黑碳分别指的是样品中能抵抗高温氧化、化学氧化、光氧化的物质;显微镜法[39]
所得黑碳指的是样品中粒径较大、在光学显微镜下可识别的黑色木炭部分;苯多羧酸(benzene polycarboxylic
acid, BPCA)法[40] 所得黑碳指的是样品中能被硝酸氧化为苯多羧酸的具芳香结构的物质;热光透射/ 反射
法[41] 所得黑碳指的是样品中能吸光的物质。对于氧化法和显微镜法分离所得黑碳的含量测定也有不同方
法,如元素分析法测定的是黑碳样品中的碳元素含量;13C 核磁共振波谱法[42] 和中红外光谱法[43] 测定的是黑
碳样品中的稠环芳香烃含量。

Resultados (inglés) 1:

Create concepts and terminology is not uniform for another reason, many studies in fact are defined based on analysis of black carbon. Different methodsThe resulting material is different, its environmental significance are not the same, such as chemical oxidation methods [35], dichromate oxidation [36] and sodium hypochlorite oxidationLaw [37] and UV oxidation [38] in black carbon, respectively are obtained from samples resistant to high-temperature oxidation, chemical oxidation, photo-oxidation substance; microscopy [39]Black carbon is derived from samples grain size large black charcoal, identifiable under the optical microscope parts benzene carboxylic acid (benzene polycarboxylicAcid, BPCA) Act [40] black carbon is obtained by nitric acid oxidation of benzene in the sample structure of polycarboxylic acids with aromatic substances; Thermo-optical transmission/reflectionLaw [41] black carbon is derived from substance to absorb light in the sample. Oxidation method and microscope method for separation and determination of black carbon has obtained from differentLaw, such as elemental analysis method is for the determination of carbon content in black carbon 13C NMR spectroscopy [42] and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy [43] determination of blackCarbon content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the samples.

Resultados (inglés) 2:

Another cause of non-uniform concepts and terminology that the many studies actually based analysis to define the black carbon. Different methods
resulting material is not the same, not the same sense of their environment, such as high-temperature chemical oxidation [35], dichromate oxidation method [36] and sodium hypochlorite oxidation
method [37], ultraviolet oxidation [38] the resulting carbon black, respectively, refers to the sample can resist high temperature oxidation, chemical oxidation, photo-oxidation substances; microscopy [39]
the resulting carbon black refers to the larger particle size sample, under the light microscope identifiable part black charcoal ; benzene polycarboxylic acids (benzene polycarboxylic
acid, BPCA) method [40] the resulting carbon black refers to a substance in the sample can be oxidized to nitrate benzene polycarboxylic acids with aromatic structure; hot light transmission / reflection
method [41] obtained black carbon refers to the substance in the sample can absorb light. For oxidation and microscopic separation content of the resulting black carbon measured have different side
methods, such as determination of elemental analysis black carbon in the sample carbon content; 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [42] and in infrared spectroscopy [43] Determination of black
carbon in the sample polycyclic aromatic content.

Resultados (inglés) 3:

Another reason is that the concept and terminology are not unified, and many studies are based on analytical methods to define black carbon. Different methodsThe resulting material are not the same, its environmental significance are not the same, such as chemical oxidation method [35], dichromate oxidation method [36] and sodium hypochlorite oxidationMethod [37], UV oxidation method [38] black carbon respectively refers to the sample can resist high temperature oxidation, chemical oxidation, light oxidation of the substance; microscope method [39]The black carbon refers to the larger particle size in the sample, which can be identified under the light microscope, and the polycarboxylic benzeneAcid BPCA) method [40] income black carbon refers to is the sample can be nitric acid oxidation of benzene polycarboxylic acids with aromatic structure material; thermal optical transmission / reflection[41] derived carbon refers to the material that can absorb light in the sample. The determination of the content of black carbon by oxidation and microscopy was also different.Methods such as elemental analysis were used to determine the content of carbon in the black carbon sample; 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy [42] and mid infrared spectroscopy [43] were used for the determination of blackPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in carbon samples.