摇 *16 种:美国环保署( EPA)16 种( 萘、苊 稀、二 氢

摇 *16 种:美国环保署( EPA)16 种( 萘、苊 稀、二 氢 苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧 蒽、芘、苯 并 [ a] 蒽、屈、苯 并 [ b] 荧 蒽、苯 并 [ k] 荧 蒽、 苯 并 [ a ] 芘、 二 苯 并 [ a,h] 蒽、茚并[1 ,2 ,3 —cd] 芘、苯并[ g,h,i] 苝) ;17 种:EPA16 种+2 鄄甲基萘;11 种:菲、蒽、芴、芘、苯并[ a] 蒽、屈、苯并[ e] 芘、苯并[ b] 荧蒽、苯并 [ k] 荧蒽、苯并[ a] 芘、苯并[ g,h,i] 苝;3 种:菲、芘、苯并[ a] 芘

6. 2摇 黑碳对重金属的吸附与解吸
Corapcioglu 等[166] 很早就研究过活性碳对 Cu( 域) 、Pb( 域) 、Ni( 域) 和 Zn( 域) 的吸附,认为吸附过程可由 配位化合物形成模型解释。 现在一般认为,黑碳吸附重金属的机制主要有两种,一是黑碳表面吸附[167] ,吴成 等[168] 研究了玉米秸杆黑碳对 Hg( 域) 、As( 芋) 、Pb( 域) 和 Cd( 域) 的吸附,发现用 Langmiur 方程拟合黑碳等 温吸附过程最佳,表明其主要是吸附位有限的非线性表面吸附,以这种方式被吸附的重金属极易解吸,30 min 内洗脱率均在 85% 以上。 二是黑碳上的官能团与重金属之间的静电相互作用,包括离子交换[169] 和部分配位 反应[170] ,Qiu 等[171] 研究认为稻草黑碳和麦秆黑碳对 Pb( 域) 的吸附属于静电相互作用机制,被吸附的重金属 相对较稳定。 黑碳阳离子交换量( cation exchange capacity, CEC) 与其吸附重金属能力成正相关关系[172] ,表 明第 2 种机制是黑碳吸附重金属的主要机制。 尽管吴成等[168] 认为黑碳的 CEC 比土壤 / 沉积物环境中其他吸 附剂如腐殖酸和粘土的较小,其对重金属离子吸附量相对不大,但是 Liang 等[173] 研究认为黑碳可通过自身氧 化或吸附其他有机质提高土壤的 CEC。
土壤中存在的低分子有机酸会影响黑碳对重金属的吸附[174] 。 张文标等[175] 研究了不同炭化温度的竹黑 碳对 Pb( 域) 、Hg( 域) 、Cr( 遇) 和 Cd( 域) 的吸附,结果表明黑碳的比表面积、孔径及 pH 等均影响到吸附重金 属能力,溶液中同时存在的多种重金属离子之间存在着协同和阻碍两方面的效应。
6. 3摇 黑碳对营养盐的吸附
黑碳可吸附土壤溶液中的 NH+ 鄄N[125,176] 和 NH 鄄N[8] 。 Novak 等[120] 研究认为由于电荷正负性的原因,黑
4 3
碳对 NH+ N 的吸附能力要强于对 NO- 鄄N 的吸附能力。 添加到土壤中的木炭增加土壤对氮和磷的吸附能力,
鄄 3
减少了总氮流失量的 11% 和总可溶磷流失量的 69% [177] ,还能增加土壤对钾的吸附能力[123] 。 黑碳可通过间 接方式影响对营养盐的 吸 附, 如 Lee 等[178] 研 究 表 明 氧 化 了 的 黑 碳 表 面 官 能 团 增 多, 可 以 增 加 对 NH+ 鄄N 和
NH3 鄄N 的吸附。

Resultados (inglés) 2:

Shake * 16 species: United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 16 species (naphthalene, acenaphthylene thin, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo [a] anthracene, flexor, benzo [b] fluoranthene benzo [k] fluoranthene, benzo [a] pyrene, dibenzo [a, h] anthracene, indeno [1, 2, 3 -cd] pyrene, benzo [g, h, i] perylene) ; 17 kinds: EPA16 species +2 Juan methylnaphthalene; 11 kinds: phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorene, pyrene, benzo [a] anthracene, flexor, benzo [e] pyrene, benzo [b] fluoranthene, benzo [k] fluoranthene, benzo [a] pyrene, benzo [g, h, i] perylene; three kinds: phenanthrene, pyrene, benzo [a] pyrene

6.2 shake black carbon adsorption and desorption of heavy metals in
Corapcioglu et al [166] have long studied the activated carbon for Cu (domain), Pb (domain), (domain) adsorbed Ni (domain) and Zn, the adsorption process may be considered model explains the formation of coordination compounds. Now generally believed that black carbon adsorption mechanism of heavy metals are mainly two, one black carbon adsorption [167], to Wu et al [168] studied the corn straw carbon black for Hg (domain), As (taro), Pb adsorption (domain) and Cd (domain) and found fit equation with Langmiur temperature swing adsorption process such as carbon black and the best show which is mainly limited adsorption sites nonlinear adsorption, heavy metals adsorbed in this manner can easily desorbed within 30 min elution rate of over 85%. Second, the electrostatic interactions of functional groups on the carbon black and heavy metal between the ion exchange [169] and section assignment Reaction [170], Qiu et al. [171] studies suggest that black straw carbon and carbon black straw on the Pb (domain ) belongs to the electrostatic interaction mechanism of adsorption, the adsorption of heavy metals are relatively stable. Black carbon cation exchange capacity (cation exchange capacity, CEC) and its heavy metal adsorption capacity of a positive correlation between [172], indicating that the first two mechanisms is the main mechanism of black carbon adsorption of heavy metals. Although Wu Cheng, [168] that the black carbon adsorbent such as smaller than other CEC humic acid and clay soil / sediment environment, the relatively small amount of adsorption of heavy metal ions, but Liang et al [173] studies suggest that oxidation of carbon black by itself or other organic matter to improve the soil adsorption of CEC.
Low molecular weight organic acids present in the soil will affect the black carbon adsorption of heavy metals [174]. Zhang and other standard [175] studied the adsorption of bamboo black carbon different carbonization temperature of Pb (domain), Hg (domain), Cr (case) and Cd (domain), the results showed that black carbon the specific surface area, pore size and pH etc. affect the adsorption capacity of heavy metals, there is a synergistic effect between the two and hinder the solution of simultaneous heavy metal ions.
6.3 Shake black carbon adsorption of nutrients in
black carbon in the soil solution can be adsorbed NH + Juan N [125,176] and NH Juan N [8]. Novak et al. [120] studies suggest that due to the positive and negative charge of the reason, black
43
carbon adsorption of NH + N for NO- stronger than Juan N adsorption capacity. Added to the soil to increase charcoal adsorption capacity of the soil nitrogen and phosphorus,
Juan 3
decreased by 11% and the total amount of soluble phosphorus loss of total nitrogen loss volume of 69% [177], but also increase the adsorption capacity of the soil Potassium [123]. Black carbon can affect the absorption of nutrients through indirect means, such as Lee et al. [178] Studies have shown that the oxidized carbon black surface functional groups increases, you can increase the NH + N and Juan
adsorption of NH3 Juan N.

Resultados (inglés) 3:

G and, pyrene and hydrogen dilute shake x16: the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 16 (naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzene and [a] anthracene, chrysene, benzene [b] fluoranthene, benzo [k] fluoranthene, benzo [a] pyrene, benzo [a, H] anthracene, Indeno [1, 2, 3, cd] of benzene [h, I] perylene); 17 species: by a + 2 - methyl naphthalene; 11: phenanthrene, anthracene, fluorene, pyrene, benzene and [a] anthracene, chrysene, benzene and [e] pyrene, benzene and [b] fluoranthene, benzo [k] fluoranthene, benzene and [a] pyrene, benzo [g, h, I] perylene; 3: phenanthrene, pyrene, benzene and [a] pyreneAdsorption and desorption of 6.2 black carbon on heavy metals[166] and other Corapcioglu have long studied the adsorption of activated carbon on Cu (domain), Pb (domain), Ni (domain) and Zn (domain), and the adsorption process can be explained by the model of coordination compounds. It is now generally accepted that there are mainly two kinds of mechanisms of heavy metal adsorption to black carbon, black carbon adsorbed on the surface of the [167], Wu Cheng [168] of the corn stalk black carbon adsorption of Hg (domain), arsenic (Colocasia esculenta), Pb (domain) and CD (domain), found in warm Langmiur equation fitting black carbon adsorption process optimum, suggesting that it is mainly a nonlinear surface adsorption adsorption. In this way is adsorbed heavy metals very legible ceiling, within 30 min elution rate was more than 85%. The second is electrostatic interaction between black carbon functional groups with heavy metals, including ion exchange [169] and part of the coordination reaction [170], Qiu [171] studies suggest that straw black carbon and wheat straw black carbon adsorption of Pb (domain) belongs to the electrostatic interaction mechanism, the adsorbed heavy metals is relatively stable. Exchange capacity [172] (cation), (CEC) was positively correlated with its ability to adsorb heavy metals, which indicated that the second mechanism is the main mechanism of the black carbon adsorption of heavy metals. Although that black carbon CEC than soil / sediment environment in other adsorbents such as humic acid and clay of the smaller, the heavy metal ion adsorption is relatively small, but Liang [173] research that black carbon can be through their own oxygen or other organic matter adsorption of soils with high CEC Wu into [168].The presence of low molecular organic acids in the soil will affect the adsorption of heavy metals by black carbon [174]. Different carbonization temperatures are studied Zhang Wenbiao [175] bamboo black carbon for Pb (domain), Hg (domain), Cr (MET) and CD (domain) adsorption. The results show that black carbon specific surface area, pore size and pH affect the heavy metals adsorption ability, between multiple heavy metal ions exist simultaneously in the solution exists synergy and impede the effects of two aspects.Adsorption of 6.3 black carbon on nutrientsBlack carbon can be adsorbed in the soil solution of NH+ - N[125176] and NH - N[8]. [120] et al. Novak et al., because of the reason of the positive charge and negative charge, the43Carbon on NH+ adsorption capacity of N is stronger than the adsorption capacity of NO- - N. Charcoal added to the soil increased the sorption capacity of soil to nitrogen and phosphorus,- 3Reduced the total nitrogen loss of 11% and total soluble phosphorus loss of 69% [177], but also increased the adsorption capacity of soil potassium [123]. Black carbon can be through the after effects of nutrient adsorption, such as Lee [178] study oxygen of the black carbon form the officer group increased, the increase of NH + - N andThe adsorption of NH3 - N.